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Osorio Martínez
Osorio Martínez ((ラテン語:Osorius Martini)) (bef. 1108 – March 1160) was a magnate from the Province of León in the Empire of Alfonso VII. He served the emperor militarily throughout his long career, which peaked in 1138–41. Besides the documentary sources, which are somewhat meagre at times after his fall from royal favour, he is mentioned in two episodes in the ''Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris''. He supported Ferdinand II of León after Alfonso's death (1157), but he died in a Castilian civil war in 1160.
==Early military career (1124–1138)==
Osorio was the second son of Martín Flaínez of the Flagínez family and Sancha Fernández.〔Simon Barton, ''The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 271–72, contains a ''curriculum vitae''.〕 In 1124 Osorio was granted the ''tenencia'' of Melgar de Abajo. In 1126 he joined the other noblemen of the Leonese province in swearing an oath of fealty to the new king Alfonso VII at the capital city of León.〔Barton, 126.〕 Five years later (1129) he received Malgrat.〔A private charter of 1140 refers to him ''tenente Malgrad'' ("holding Malgrat"), cf. Barton 271–72.〕 The next year (1130) he received the ''tenencias'' of ''Riba Cetera'' and Villamayor, later also that of Ribera, but these he lost sometime between 1135 and 1137.〔 As early as 1131 he was governing Mayorga and by 1135 the Liébana as well.〔 In 1130 he and his brother Rodrigo were dispatched to besiege the rebel Pedro Díaz in a place called ''Valle''.〔Barton, 174.〕 The ''Chronica Adefonsi'' records the campaign:
The King of León ordered Count Rodrigo Martinez and his brother Osorio to go to León. They were to attack Pedro Díaz who was rebelling in Valle. Díaz had with him a large number of knights and soldiers. Rodrigo and Osorio arrived there and encircled the castle. Those inside continued to shout insults at Rodrigo and his brother because they were unable to counterattack them successfully. When this was reported to Alfonso VII, he hurried to the town of Valle. He commanded that mantlets and numerous other war machines be constructed around the castle. The King's forces commenced to hurl rocks and arrows at those inside. Subsequently, the castle walls were completely destroyed.〔Glenn Edward Lipskey, ed., (''The Chronicle of Alfonso the Emperor: A Translation of the ''Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris ) (PhD dissertation, Northwestern University, 1972), I, §19, hereafter cited as ''CAI''.〕
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